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White Space Devices
TV White Space (TVWS) Technology
TV White Space (TVWS) refers to unused frequencies within the UHF television broadcast spectrum. These frequencies can be used for wireless data communications without causing interference to Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT) or Programme Making and Special Events (PMSE) services.
Using intelligent spectrum management, TV White Space technology enables reliable long-range wireless communications, making it particularly suitable for rural broadband, remote connectivity and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) applications.
TV White Space is useful where long-range wireless coverage is required, especially in rural, remote or difficult-to-reach locations.
Key Terminology
| Term | Description |
|---|---|
| Master White Space Device (WSD) | Communicates with an authorised White Space Database to determine which TV channels are available at its location and the maximum permitted transmission power for each channel. |
| Slave White Space Device (WSD) | Operates under the control of a Master White Space Device and does not communicate directly with the White Space Database. |
| Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) | Technology that automatically identifies and uses available radio frequencies whilst avoiding interference with licensed spectrum users. |
| White Space Database | Maintains a location-specific list of available television channels and permitted transmission power levels for authorised White Space Devices. |
How TV White Space Works
Historically, analogue television required guard channels between services to prevent interference. Following the transition to Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT), these unused frequencies became available for carefully controlled wireless communications.
Every White Space Device determines which frequencies it can use based on its geographical location and antenna height. By consulting an authorised White Space Database, devices can adjust to changing spectrum availability whilst ensuring no interference is caused to licensed DTT or PMSE services.
Benefits of TV White Space
TV White Space is particularly useful where conventional wireless systems may struggle due to distance, terrain or lack of direct line of sight.
- Excellent long-range wireless coverage.
- Reliable non-line-of-sight (NLOS) performance.
- Improved signal penetration through trees, buildings and difficult terrain.
- Suitable for rural broadband and remote connectivity.
- Efficient use of available radio spectrum.
- Minimal interference with existing broadcast services.
Typical Applications
One of the most common applications for TV White Space technology is providing broadband connectivity to remote or difficult-to-reach locations using existing internet infrastructure and available television spectrum.
The propagation characteristics of UHF frequencies allow signals to travel over long distances and support reliable communications where there is no direct line of sight between devices.
Blake UK Solutions
Blake UK has designed aerials suitable for TV White Space applications. These solutions support professional installations where reliable wireless connectivity and suitable UHF performance are required.
For technical advice or help selecting the most appropriate product for a TV White Space application, please contact our technical team.